A Systematic Literature Review of GIS-Based Urban Flood Vulnerability Mapping Methods: A Case Study of Medan City

Authors

  • Fasya Maharani Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Universitas Al-azhar Medan, Medan, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33603/jki.v14i2.12405

Keywords:

AHP, flood-prone areas, GIS, spatial mapping

Abstract

Medan City, as one of Indonesia's major cities, faces an increasing flood threat driven by rapid population growth, the conversion of green open spaces, and an inadequate drainage system. This study aims to map flood-prone areas in Medan City using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Data were collected from three major databases Scopus (1,502 articles), OpenAlex (880 articles), and Google Scholar (502 articles) yielding a total of 2,884 identified articles retrieved using three thematic keywords related to GIS-based flood mapping. Following a staged selection process comprising identification, screening, and eligibility assessment, 21 final articles were selected for in-depth review. The findings indicate that spatial mapping of flood-prone areas can be effectively conducted using GIS technology integrated with multi-criteria analysis methods such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Generalized Fuzzy AHP (GFAHP), and machine learning models. The main parameters used include elevation, slope gradient, rainfall, land use, distance from water bodies, and topographic wetness index. The analytical methods employed across the 21 selected articles were AHP, GFAHP, machine learning, and TOPSIS, with parameters comprising elevation, slope gradient, rainfall, land use, distance from water bodies, and topographic index.

References

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Published

2026-10-13

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Konstruksi dan Infrastruktur Vol 14 No.2 : October 2026

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