Evaluation of Drainage System Performance for Surface Runoff Control in Residential Areas Using the Rational Method

Authors

  • Debby Syafriyandi Universitas Esa Unggul, Indonesia
  • Desty Aulia Maharani Program Studi Rekayasa Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Dafa Al-Ghifani Program Studi Rekayasa Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Vina Purwayanti Program Studi Rekayasa Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Wa Ode Nurhaidar Program Studi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33603/jki.v14i2.11962

Keywords:

design discharge, Log Pearson Type III, residential drainage, rational Method, surface runoff

Abstract

The development of residential areas, characterized by an increase in impervious surfaces, can intensify surface runoff and increase the hydrological load on drainage systems. This condition may cause inundation when the drainage channel capacity is insufficient to convey the resulting runoff discharge. This study aims to evaluate the capacity of the existing drainage channels against the design discharge in Graha Harapan Regency Residential Area, Babelan District, Bekasi Regency. The analysis was conducted using hydrological and hydraulic approaches based on 20 years of annual maximum rainfall data. Frequency analysis was performed using the Log Pearson Type III distribution and tested using the Smirnov–Kolmogorov and Chi-Square methods. Rainfall intensity was calculated using the Mononobe equation, while the design discharge was estimated using the Rational Method. The capacity of the existing drainage channels was analyzed using Manning’s equation based on cross-sectional dimensions obtained from field surveys. The results indicate that the 25-year return period design rainfall is 195 mm/day. The design discharges for Channel 1 and Channel 2 were 0.146 m³/s and 0.147 m³/s, respectively, while their existing capacities were 0.1485 m³/s and 0.3222 m³/s, respectively. The comparison results show that the capacities of both channels exceed the corresponding design discharges, indicating that hydraulically, both channels are still capable of accommodating the 25-year return period design rainfall. However, the capacity margin of Channel 1 relative to its design discharge is relatively small. These findings indicate that cross-sectional capacity evaluation should be complemented by an assessment of the physical condition and connectivity of the drainage network to provide a more comprehensive explanation of potential inundation.

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Published

2026-10-13

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Konstruksi dan Infrastruktur Vol 14 No.2 : October 2026

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