ANALISIS HUKUM KESEHATAN TERHADAP KASUS KETIADAAN VISUM ET REPERTUM DALAM PERLINDUNGAN JAMINAN KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA KONTEKS INTERPRETASI MEKANISME BANDING SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PEMBUKTIAN KEKERASAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33603/hermeneutika.v10i2.11519Kata Kunci:
Jaminan Kecelakaan Kerja, Visum et Repertum, Kematian Tanpa Jenazah, Permenaker Nomor 1 Tahun 2025, Keadilan BermartabatAbstrak
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh problematika yuridis dalam pencairan klaim Jaminan Kecelakaan Kerja (JKK) pada kasus kematian tanpa jenazah (missing body), sebagaimana dialami oleh pekerja maritim Alm. Anton dan Kunedi. Ketiadaan jenazah menyebabkan dokter menolak menerbitkan Visum et Repertum sesuai Kode Etik Kedokteran, yang berujung pada penolakan klaim administratif oleh BPJS Ketenagakerjaan karena dianggap tidak memenuhi syarat formil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis akibat hukum ketiadaan visum ditinjau dari perspektif hukum kesehatan dan mengkaji kekuatan hukum mekanisme banding Pasal 11A Peraturan Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Nomor 1 Tahun 2025 sebagai solusi alternatif pembuktian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penolakan dokter menerbitkan visum adalah sah secara medis (medical impossibility), namun menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum bagi hak ahli waris. Mekanisme banding Pasal 11A Permenaker 1/2025 memberikan terobosan hukum di mana Nota Penetapan Pengawas Ketenagakerjaan dapat berfungsi sebagai alat bukti substitusi yang memiliki kekuatan pembuktian sempurna (volledig bewijskracht) untuk menggantikan visum, sehingga menjamin keadilan bermartabat bagi peserta jaminan sosial.
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