KAJIAN HUKUM DALAM MENINGKATKAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA POLRI TERHADAP PENYELESAIAN PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA MELALUI RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33603/hermeneutika.v10i2.11313Kata Kunci:
Sumber Daya Manusia Polri, Restorative justice, Penegakan Hukum, Mediasi Penal, Polres KuninganAbstrak
Perubahan paradigma penegakan hukum di Indonesia dari pendekatan retributif menuju pendekatan restoratif menuntut kesiapan sumber daya manusia (SDM) Polri sebagai aktor utama yang berinteraksi langsung dengan masyarakat pada tahap awal proses peradilan pidana. Penerapan restorative justice diproyeksikan tidak hanya sebagai mekanisme alternatif penyelesaian perkara, tetapi sebagai paradigma baru penegakan hukum yang menekankan pemulihan korban, tanggung jawab pelaku, dan rekonsiliasi sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi restorative justice pada tingkat operasional Polri di Polres Kuningan serta mengidentifikasi kompetensi SDM yang diperlukan dan strategi peningkatan kualitasnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan socio-legal dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi dokumen. (Soekanto, 1983). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Polres Kuningan telah menerapkan restorative justice sesuai kerangka hukum seperti Perpol No. 8 Tahun 2021, implementasinya masih menghadapi kendala berupa minimnya pemahaman substantif anggota, belum seragamnya kemampuan mediasi, keterbatasan fasilitas pendukung, serta kuatnya orientasi penyelesaian perkara secara retributif dalam kultur kerja kepolisian. Temuan penelitian juga mengungkap bahwa keberhasilan pelaksanaan restorative justice sangat ditentukan oleh kompetensi penyidik dalam komunikasi empatik, negosiasi, pemetaan konflik, pemahaman sosial-budaya, serta integritas moral dalam menjaga netralitas proses. Oleh karena itu, penguatan SDM Polri perlu dilakukan melalui pelatihan mediasi penal berkelanjutan, integrasi prinsip-prinsip keadilan restoratif dalam kurikulum pendidikan Polri, pembentukan unit fasilitasi RJ di tingkat Polres, serta penguatan mekanisme pengawasan internal untuk mencegah penyimpangan dalam praktik penyelesaian perkara. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa peningkatan kualitas SDM Polri merupakan prasyarat fundamental bagi terwujudnya penegakan hukum yang humanis, efektif, dan berkeadilan substantif melalui pendekatan restorative justice. (Prayitno, 2018; Widodo, 2016).
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