PROFIL KLINIS DAN GABUNGAN TERAPI PASIEN TERDIAGNOSIS OTOMIKOSIS DI POLIKLINIK THT-KL RSUD WALED PERIODE TAHUN 2018-2022

Abstract

Latar belakang: Otomikosis merupakan infeksi jamur, disebabkan oleh jamur Aspergillus Sp dan Candida Spp yang menyerang bagian meatus akustikus eksternus. Prevalensi otomikosis di seluruh dunia antara 30-40% kasus yang biasanya terjadi di daerah tropis dan subtropis. Keluhan yang muncul adalah pruritus dan diikuti dengan otalgia. Faktor predisposisi otomikosis yaitu penggunaan obat tetes telinga, sering berenang, penggunaan cotton bud pada telinga dan pengguna alat bantu dengar. Tatalaksana pada pasien otomikosis diberikan terapi irigasi telinga, kompres telinga, obat topikal tetes ataupun salep, dan oral. Tujuan: Mengetahui profil klinis dan gabungan terapi pasien terdiagnosis Otomikosis di poliklinik THT-KL RSUD Waled. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan total sampling data rekam medis pasien yang terdiagnosis Otomikosis di poliklinik THT-KL RSUD Waled periode 2018-2022. Pasien yang didiagnosis otomikosis tanpa gangguan telinga lain masuk dalam kriteria inklusi. Pasien yang datanya tidak lengkap masuk dalam kriteria ekslusi. Hasil: Terdapat 56 pasien terdiagnosis otomikosis dengan laki-laki 20 pasien (35,7%) dan perempuan 36 pasien (64,3%). Mayoritas IRT 39,3%, dengan rentang usia terbanyak 26-45 tahun (46,4%). Kebanyakan pasien mengeluhkan gatal 76,8% pasien. Diikuti oleh keluhan lainnya yaitu otalgia 62,5%, rasa penuh di telinga 44,6%, tinnitus 39,3%, ottorhea 35,7%, dan gangguan pendengaran 17,9%. Mayoritas pasien mendapat gabungan terapi topikal dan oral sebanyak 35,7% pasien. Kesimpulan: Otomikosis banyak menginfeksi perempuan khususnya IRT dengan rentang umur 26-45 tahun. Gejala yang banyak muncul yaitu pruritus dan otalgia.

Kata Kunci: Otomikosis, Infeksi, Gabungan terapi.

Background: Otomycosis is a fungal infection, caused by Aspergillus Sp and Candida Spp which attack the canal external auditory. The prevalence of otomycosis worldwide is between 30-40% of cases, which usually occurs in tropical and subtropical regions. The most common symptomps are pruritus and usually followed by otalgia. Main predisposing factors of otomycosis are the use of ear drops, swimming, use of cotton buds in the ear, and hearing aid users. Management of otomycosis patients is usually given ear toilet, ear tampons, topical drops or ointments, and oral medication. Objective: The aims in this study to determine the clinical profile and combined therapy of Otomycosis patients at the ENT clinic at Waled Hospital for the period 2018-2022. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study using total sampling medical record data of patients diagnosed with otomycosis at the ENT-KL polyclinic at Waled Hospital period 2018-2022. Patients diagnosed with otomycosis without other ear disorders were included. Patients with incomplete data were exluded. Results: This study found 56 patients diagnosed with otomycosis with 20 male patients (35.7%) and 36 female patients (64.3%). The majority were housewives (39,3%) with an age range of 26-45 years (46,4%). Most patients complain of pruritus 76.8%. Followed by other symptoms, otalgia 62.5%, ear fullness 44.6%, tinnitus 39.3%, otorrhea 35.7% and hearing loss 17.9%. Most patients received a combination of topical and oral therapy with 35.7% of patients. Conclusion: Otomycosis was common in female population especially in housewives, in the age range 26-45 years. Predominant symptoms were pruritus and otalgia.

Keywords: Otomycosis, Infection, Combined Therapy.