Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Asam Urat Pada Tikus Wistar Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Hiperurisemia

Sari

Latar Belakang: Hiperurisemia adalah keadaan terjadinya peningkatan kadar asam urat darah di atas normal dan termasuk kedalam salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang angka kejadiannya masih tinggi mencapai 20% di dunia. Daun tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) mengandung flavonoid sebagai penurun kadar asam urat melalui penghambatan kerja enzim xantin oksidase. Tujuan: Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui dosis efektif ekstrak daun tempuyung terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat pada tikus wistar hiperurisemia. Metode: Metode Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan pre-post test with control group design. Sampel menggunakan 30 ekor tikus wistar secara random dikelompokkan kedalam 5 kelompok secara Simple Random sampling. 2 kelompok kontrol (K- diberi pakan standar + akuades dan K+ diberi pakan tinggi purin + akuades) dan 3 kelompok perlakuan (pakan tinggi purin + esktrak daun tempuyung dosis 70 mg/200gBB, 75 mg/200gBB, dan 80 mg/200gBB). Periksa kadar asam urat pada 30  ekor tikus wistar , darah tikus wistar didapatkan melalui sinus orbitalis yang sudah dibius terlebih dahulu dengan menggunakan eter. Dan periksa kadar asam urat diukur dengan metode TBHBA. Hasil: Perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) kadar asam urat sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan hanya ditunjukkan oleh kelompok perlakuan. Dengan rerata penurunan, Kelompok P1 2.5334 mg/dL, Kelompok P2 5.3993 mg/dL Kelompok P3 5.8599 mg/dL. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun tempuyung dosis 80 mg/gBB paling efektif menurunkan kadar asam urat darah.

Kata Kunci:  Daun Tempuyung, Asam Urat, hiperurisemia, tikus wistar, xantin oksidase

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Hyperuricemia is a case of the increase of uric acid above normal levels of blood and includes to the one of non-communicable diseases which the number of events is still high, reaching 20% in the world. Tempuyung leaf (Sonchus arvensis L.) contains of flavonoids which has a benefit for decrease uric acid through the inhibition of enzyme xanthine oxidase action. Aim: This study aimed to knows the effective dose of tempuyung leaf extract to decrease uric acid levels in wistar rats hyperuricemic. Methods: This research methodology is Experimental research  with  Pre-post  test  with control group design. The samples were 30 wistar rats. Rats was divided into 2 control groups (K- are given standar feed+ aquadet  and K+ are given high purine feed + aquadest ) and 3 treatment groups (high purine feed + extract tempuyung leaves dose 70 mg/200gBW, 75 mg/200gBW, 80 mg/200gBW). Check uric acid levels in 30 wistar rats, the blood of  wistar rats is obtained through the orbital sinus which has been anesthetized first using ether. And check the uric acid level is measured by the TBHBA method. Resulsts: Significant differences (p <0.05) uric acid levels before and after treatment were only indicated by the treatment group. With a mean reduction in P1 2.5334 mg/dL, P2 group 5.3993 mg/dL, P3 group 5.8599 mg/dL. Conclusions: Tempuyung leaves extract with dose 80 mg/200gBW is most effective for reducing the uric acid level in blood.

Keywords: Tempuyung leaves, Uric Acid, Hyperuricemic, Wistar rats, Xanthine oxidase.