Synergy Between Human Rights and Environmental Justice Towards Sustainable Development

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the relationship between human rights and environmental justice as important prerequisites for equitable sustainable development, using normative legal methods to assess the national legal framework (UUD 1945, UU HAM, UU PPLH) and the consistency of sectoral regulations. The results of the study show that although regulations recognize the right to a healthy environment as a human right, its implementation in the field is hampered by the failure to achieve distributive and recognitive justice due to a conflict of norms between development regulations and environmental principles, which systematically undermines intergenerational responsibility and results in structural human rights violations. on the other hand, the most effective point of synergy lies in the application of procedural rights (human rights) as the key to ensuring procedural justice. Therefore, this study suggests the need for improvements in environmental governance by adopting a Rights-Based Approach, including the mandatory integration of Human Rights Impact Assessment (HRIA) equivalent to Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), as well as regulatory harmonization, so that the fulfillment of human rights can be used as the main benchmark for development success and to achieve a Just Transition.