HUBUNGAN ANTARA OBESITAS DENGAN RISIKO KEJADIAN PENYAKIT ARTERI PERIFER (PAP) DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SITOPENG KOTA CIREBON 2022

Riza Ariani; Irene Gunawan; Donny Priyatmoko; Ineu Nopita; Mohamad Romdhoni; Dini Sapardini Warsodoedi; Rachmanda Haryo Wibisono

Authors

Riza Ariani Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati Cirebon, Indonesia
Irene Gunawan Fakultas Kedokteran UGJ Cirebon, Indonesia
Donny Priyatmoko Fakultas Kedokteran UGJ Cirebon, Indonesia
Ineu Nopita Fakultas Kedokteran UGJ Cirebon, Indonesia
Mohamad Romdhoni Fakultas Kedokteran UGJ Cirebon, Indonesia
Dini Sapardini Warsodoedi Fakultas Kedokteran UGJ Cirebon, Indonesia
Rachmanda Haryo Wibisono Fakultas Kedokteran UGJ Cirebon, Indonesia

Keywords:

Peripheral artery disease, obesity

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Penyakit Arteri Perifer (PAP) merupakan gangguan suplai darah ke ekstremitas atas atau bawah karena adanya sumbatan atau obstruksi. Menurut Journal of American Heart Association, orang dengan obesitas memiliki 1,5 kali risiko lebih tinggi terhadap PAP. Belum banyak penelitian mengenai hubungan obesitas dengan PAP pada masyarakat Indonesia khususnya di Kota Cirebon. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan obesitas dengan Penyakit Arteri Perifer (PAP) di Puskesmas Sitopeng Kota Cirebon. Metode: Analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan data menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling pada 45 orang obesitas dan 45 orang tidak obesitas berumur 40-60 tahun. Pengambilan sampel obesitas diukur dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan sampel PAP diukur dengan ankle brachial index (ABI). Data diuji menggunakan analisis statistik uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 25,6% pasien obesitas memiliki PAP 7,8% pada pasien non obesitas. Hasil hubungan antara obesitas dengan faktor risiko PAP menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan (p = 0,000) dengan nilai koefisien kontingensi (c = 0,000). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara obesitas dengan faktor risiko penyakit arteri perifer (PAP). Kata Kunci: Penyakit Arteri Perifer (PAP), obesitas.

ABSTRACT

Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an obstruction of blood supply to the upper or lower extremities. According to Journal of American Heart Association, obesity has increased the risk factor of PAD by 1.5 times. Research and studies on the association between obesity and PAD are still hardly found in Indonesia, specifically in Cirebon City. Aim: To discover the association between obesity and the risk factor of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in Sitopeng Public Health Center Work Area, Cirebon City. Method: An analytic observational with a cross-sectional study was performed in this study. 90 patients were recruited and divided into 2 groups based on their weight: 45 patients with obesity and 45 patients with no obesity aged 40-60. Obesity was calculated with Body Mass Index (BMI) and PAD was calculated with ankle-brachial index (ABI). Data were tested with Chi-Square statistic analysis. Result: PAD was found in 25.6% of patients with obesity and 7.8% compared to patients with no obesity. The statistic analysis test showed a significant result p = 0.000 (p < 0.005) and coefficient contingency c = 0.000. Conclusion: Obesity was significantly associated with the risk factor of PAD.

References

1. Bohannon RW. Overweight and obesity. Geriatr Rehabil Man. 2016;439–41

2. Obesity Task Force. International Association for the Study of Obesity. The Asia – Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment.

3. Direktorat Pengendalian Penyakit Tidak Menular DJPPM dan PLKKR. Pedoman Umum Pengendalian Obesitas. 2015.

4. Criqui MH, Aboyans V. Epidemiology of Peripheral Artery Disease. Circ Res. 2015;116(9):1509–26.

5. Aktar N, Qureshi NK, Ferdous HS. Obesity: A Review of Pathogenesis and Management Strategies in Adult. Delta Med Coll J. 2017;5(1):35–48.

6. Lau JF, Weinberg MD, Olin JW. Peripheral artery disease. Part 1: Clinical evaluation and noninvasive diagnosis. Nat Rev Cardiol [Internet]. 2011;8(7):405–18. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrcardio.2011.66

7. Aryani E, Margawati A. Hubungan Antara Dislipidemia Dengan Status Penyakit Arteri Perifer (Pap) Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Terkontrol Sedang. Diponegoro Med J (Jurnal Kedokt Diponegoro). 2016;5(4):720–36.

8. Shu J, Santulli G. Update on peripheral artery disease: Epidemiology and evidence-based facts. Atherosclerosis 2018;275:379–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.05.033.

9. Pusat Data dan Informasi KR. Indonesian Health Profile. 2019 [Internet]. Indonesia Ministry of Health Information Center. 2020. 98 p. Available from: www.journal.uta45jakarta.ac.id

10. Journal E, Medicine V. Vasa Vasa. 2019;48.

11. Schramm K, Rochon PJ. Gender Differences in Peripheral Vascular Disease. Semin Intervent Radiol. 2018;35(1):9–16.

12. Heffron SP, Dwivedi A, Rockman CB, Xia Y, Guo Y, Zhong J, et al. Body mass index and peripheral artery disease. Atherosclerosis. 2020;292:31–6.

13. Savitri M, Wantania F, Sedli BP. Hubungan Merokok dan Obesitas Sentral dengan Nilai Ankle-Brachial Index pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. e-CliniC. 2019;8(1):52–7.

14. Purnayoga B. Hubungan Antara Indeks Massa Tubuh Dengan Penyakit Arteri Perifer Di Posyandu Lansia Nusa Indah Desa Pabelan, Kartasura. J Chem Inf Model. 2019;53(9):1689–99.

15. Ya Huang, Min Xu, Lan Xie, Tiange Wang, et al. Obesity and peripheral arterial disease: A Mendelian Randomization analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2016;247;218-224. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.12.034.