PROFIL LIPID PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI RSUD ARJAWINANGUN PERIODE 2022

Abstract

ABSTRAK

LATAR BELAKANG Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik
hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena kelainan sekresi insulin, resistensi insulin atau keduanya. Resistensi Insulin
dapat disebabkan oleh dislipidemia sehingga menyebabkan DM. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (2018) menunjukan
adanya peningkatan yang cukup signifikan pada prevalensi diabetes mellitus dari 6,9% menjadi 8,5%. Di
kabupaten Cirebon, kecamatan Arjawingun memiliki penderita DM sebanyak 699 orang di dua pelayanan
kesehatan data dinkes kabupaten Cirebon. TUJUAN Mengetahui gambaran karakteristik Profil Lipid Pada
Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di RSUD Arjawinangun. METODE Penelitian ini menggunakan metode
deskriptif observasional dengan teknik pengambilan data total sampling. Didapatkan 88 sampel dari data Rekam
Medik Bulan Januari sampai Desember tahun 2022 sudah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eklusi. Data diolah
dengan analisis univariat. HASIL Hasil penelitian menunjukan penderita DMT2 di RSUD Arjawinangun
memiliki mayoritas berusia lansia akhir sebanyak 36 sampel (40,9%), lebih banyak Perempuan 64 sampel
(72,7%), memiliki mayoritas BMI dengan kategori obesitas tipe 1 sebanyak 38 sampel (43,2%), kadar GDS
≥300 sebanyak 71 sampel (80,7%), kadar HbA1c (>8%) 86 sampel (97,7%), kadar LDL (≥190 mg/dl) 23
sampel (26,1%), kadar HDL (<40 mg/dl) 63 sampel (71,6%), Trigliserida (200-499 mg/dl) 55 sampel (62,5%),
kadar Kolesterol total (≥240 mg/dl) 45 sampel (51,1%). SIMPULAN Penderita DMT2 di RSUD Arjawinangun,
lebih banyak Perempuan, penderita mayoritas lansia akhir dan memiliki BMI dengan kategori obesitas. Kadar
GDS tidak terkontrol, kadar HbA1c mayoritas kendali buruk. Pada pemeriksaan profil lipid didapatkan
mayoritas HDL kategori rendah, LDL sangat tinggi, Trigliserida tinggi, dan Kolesterol total tinggi.
Kata Kunci : Profil lipid, Diabetes mellitus tipe 2, Dislipidemia, resistensi insulin.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs
due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin resistance or both. Insulin resistance can be caused by
dyslipidemia, leading to T2DM. Basic Health Research (2018) showed a significant increase in the prevalence
of diabetes mellitus from 6.9% to 8.5%. In Cirebon Regency, Arjawingun sub-district has 699 people with DM in
two health services. OBJECTIVE Determine characteristic of Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus at Arjawingun hospital. METHODS This study used descriptive observational method with total
sampling data collection technique. From 239 samples 88 samples from medical record data from January to
December 2022 with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were processed with univariate analysis.
RESULTS The results showed that patients with T2DM at Arjawinangun Hospital had a majority of late elderly
as many as 36 people (40.9%), more women 64 people (72.7%), had a majority of BMI with type 1 obesity
category as many as 38 samples (43.2%), GDS levels ≥300 as many as 71 people (80.7%), HbA1c levels (>8%)
86 people (97.7%), LDL levels (≥190 mg/dl) 23 people (26.1%), HDL levels (<40 mg/dl) 63 people (71.6%),
Triglycerides (200-499 mg/dl) 55 people (62.5%), Total cholesterol levels (≥240 mg/dl) 45 people (51.1%).
CONCLUSION Patients with T2DM at Arjawinangun Hospital, more women (72.7%) than men (27.3%), the
majority of patients are elderly and have BMI in the obesity category. GDS levels are not controlled (≥300) as
much as 80.7%, the majority of HbA1c levels are poorly controlled. In the lipid profile examination, the majority
of HDL was found to be low, LDL was very high, Triglycerides were high, and Total cholesterol was high.
Keyword : Lipid profile, Diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance.